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Period:
Area:
38 countries/ areas
Highlight:
1 Mexico28.1%
2 Turkiye27.4%
3 Greece26.5%
4 Colombia25.3%
5 Italy23.0%
6 Spain22.0%
7 Hungary20.5%
8 Slovenia20.2%
9 Republic of Korea19.8%
10 Costa Rica19.2%
10 Israel19.2%
12 Lithuania18.7%
13 Estonia18.5%
14 Belgium17.8%
14 Portugal17.8%
16 Poland16.7%
17 Latvia16.6%
18 Norway15.1%
19 Denmark14.7%
20 Finland13.3%
21 Chile13.2%
22 Iceland12.5%
23 France11.7%
23 Sweden11.7%
25 Slovakia11.2%
26 Czech Republic10.5%
27 Luxembourg10.4%
28 Ireland 9.6%
29 Canada9.4%
30 Austria9.0%
30 New Zealand9.0%
32 United Kingdom8.3%
33 Japan8.2%
34 Australia8.1%
35 Germany7.8%
35 Netherlands7.8%
37 United States7.0%
38 Switzerland6.9%

Source
Leandro Medina and Friedrich Schneider (2018) 'Shadow Economies Around the World: What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years?' IMF Working Paper WP/18/17

Correlations with major national performance indices
Life satisfaction (10 steps)
No. of data38
Regression equation
Y = -4.801599 X +7.409
Correlation coefficient (r)-0.523
Coefficient of determination (R2)0.274

GDP per capita (current US$)
No. of data38
Regression equation
Y = -276769.294144 X +88277.862
Correlation coefficient (r)-0.614
Coefficient of determination (R2)0.377

Life expectancy at birth - Both sexes (years)
No. of data38
Regression equation
Y = -20.095947 X +83.413
Correlation coefficient (r)-0.435
Coefficient of determination (R2)0.189

Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
No. of data38
Regression equation
Y = 0.350868 X +1.463
Correlation coefficient (r)0.072
Coefficient of determination (R2)0.005

Suicide, age-standardized (per 100 000 population)
No. of data38
Regression equation
Y = -19.721078 X +12.832
Correlation coefficient (r)-0.298
Coefficient of determination (R2)0.089