[Education in general] General government expenditures for Education, as % of GDP [Education in general] % of general government expenditure on tertiary education [Education in general] % of household expenditure on tertiary education [Education in general] % of those who think that education is the most important issue for their country [Education in general] % of those who would like to see more government spending in education [Education in general] % of those who think that the government should primarily provide school education for children [Education in general] % of those who think that private companies should primarily provide school education for children [Education in general] % of those who think it is right that the rich can buy better education for their children [Education in general] % of those who think it is fair that the rich can afford better education for their children [Education in general] % of those who think it is wrong that the rich can buy better education for their children [Education in general] % of those who think it is unfair that the rich can afford better education for their children [Education in general] % of those who have confidence in the educational system (5 choices) [Education in general] % of those who speak only one language well enough to hold a conversation in [Education in general] Literacy proficiency among 16-65 years-olds: Average score (0-500) [Education in general] Numeracy proficiency among 16-65 years-olds: Average score (0-500) [Education in general] Proficiency of problem solving in technology-rich environments proficiency among 16-65 years-olds: Average score (0-500) [Education in general] % of those who like learning new things [Education in general] % of those who try to relate new ideas to real life [Education in general] % of those who try to relate new things to existing knowledge [Education in general] % of those who like to solve difficult problems [Education in general] % of those who like to fit different ideas together [Education in general] % of those who look for additional information to understand things [Education in general] Time in school or classes (men and women, minutes per day per person) [Education in general] Time in school or classes (men, minutes per day per person) [Education in general] Time in school or classes (women, minutes per day per person) [Pre-primary education] Pre-school enrolment rates, children aged 0 to 2 year old [Pre-primary education] Pre-school enrolment rates, children aged 3 to 5 year old [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often read books to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often told stories to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often sang songs to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often played with alphabet toys with their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often talked about things to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often talked about what they had read to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often played word games with their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often wrote letters or words to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often read aloud signs and labels to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often sang counting songs to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often played with number toys with their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often counted different things to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often played games involving shapes with their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often played with building blocks or construction toys with their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often played board or card games with their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often wrote numbers to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often drew shapes to their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education at home] % of the parents who often measured or weighed things with their child before they began primary school [Pre-primary education on letters] % of the children who could recognize most of the letters of the alphabet very well when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on letters] % of the children who could read some words very well when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on letters] % of the children who could read sentences very well when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on letters] % of the children who could read a story very well when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on letters] % of the children who could write letters of the alphabet very well when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on letters] % of the children who could write his/her name very well when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on letters] % of the children who could write words other than his/her name very well when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on numbers] % of the children who could count by himself/ herself up to 100 or higher when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on numbers] % of the children who could recognize written numbers up to 100 or higher when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on numbers] % of the children who could write numbers up to 100 or higher when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on numbers] % of the children who could do simple addition up to 100 or higher when they began primary school [Pre-primary education on numbers] % of the children who could do simple subtraction up to 100 or higher when they began primary school [Primary school] Average class size in primary education (public and private) [Primary school] Average class size in primary education (public) [Primary school] Average class size in primary education (private) [Primary school] Ratio of students to teaching staff in primary schools (public and private) [Primary school] Ratio of students to teaching staff in primary schools (public) [Primary school] Ratio of students to teaching staff in primary schools (private) [Primary school] Annual number of hours of compulsory instruction in primary education [Primary school students - home] % of Grade 4 students who have their own room [Primary school students - home] % of Grade 4 students who have internet connection at home [Primary school students - home] % of Grade 4 students who have their own mobile phone [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who are absent from school once a week [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who feel tired when they arrive at school everyday/ almost everyday [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who feel hungry when they arrive at school everyday/ almost everyday [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they like being in school [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they feel safe at school [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they feel like they belong at the school [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that teachers at their school are fair to them [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they are proud to go to their school [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students made fun of them or called them names [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students left them out of games or activities [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students spread lies about them [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students stole something from them [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students damaged something of theirs on purpose [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students hit or hurt them [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students made them do things they didn't want to do [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students sent them nasty or hurtful messages online [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students shared nasty or hurtful things about them online [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students shared embarrassing photos of them online [Primary school students - school life] % of Grade 4 students who say that other students threatened them [Primary school students - mathematics] Average score of mathematics achievement of 4th grade [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who work problems on their own in every or almost every lesson [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they enjoy learning mathematics [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they wish they did not have to study mathematics [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that mathematics is boring [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they learn many interesting things in mathematics [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they like mathematics very much [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they like any schoolwork that involves numbers [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they like to solve mathematics problems [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they look forward to mathematics lessons [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that mathematics is one of their favorite subjects [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they know what their teacher expects them to do in mathematics lessons [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher is easy to understand in mathematics lessons [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher has clear answers to their questions in mathematics lessons [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher is good at explaining mathematics [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher does a variety of things to help them learn in mathematics lessons [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher explains a topic again when they don't understand in mathematics lessons [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who say that students donft listen to what the teacher says in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who say that there is disruptive noise in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who say that it is too disorderly for students to work well in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who say that their teacher has to wait a long time for students to quiet down in every or almost everymathematics lesson [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who say that students interrupt the teacher in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who say that their teacher has to keep telling them to follow the classroom rules in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they usually do well in mathematics [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that mathematics is harder for them than for many of their classmates [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they are just not good at mathematics [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they learn things quickly in mathematics [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that mathematics makes them nervous [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they are good at working out difficult mathematics problems [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher tells them they are good at mathematics [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that mathematics is harder for them than any other subject [Primary school students - mathematics] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that mathematics makes them confused [Primary school students - science] Average score of science achievement of 4th grade [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who conduct science experiments at least once a week [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they enjoy learning science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they wish they did not have to study science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that science is boring [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they learn many interesting things in science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they like science very much [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that science teaches them how things in the world work [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they look forward to learning science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that science teaches them how things in the world work [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that science is one of their favorite subjects [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they know what their teacher expects them to do in science lessons [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher is easy to understand in science lessons [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher has clear answers to their questions in science lessons [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher is good at explaining science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher does a variety of things to help them learn in science lessons [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher explains a topic again when they don't understand in science lessons [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they usually do well in science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that science is harder for them than for many of their classmates [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they are just not good at science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that they learn things quickly in science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their teacher tells them they are good at science [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that science is harder for them than any other subject [Primary school students - science] % of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that science makes them confused [Primary school students - instruction out of school] % of Grade 4 students who attended extra lessons or tutoring not provided by the school in mathematics during the last 12 months [Primary school students - instruction out of school] % of Grade 4 students who attended extra lessons or tutoring not provided by the school in science during the last 12 months [Primary school - evaluation of parents] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their childfs school does a good job including them in their childfs education [Primary school - evaluation of parents] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their child's school provides a safe environment [Primary school - evaluation of parents] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their childfs school cares about their child's progress in school [Primary school - evaluation of parents] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their child's school does a good job informing them of his/her progress [Primary school - evaluation of parents] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their child's school promotes high academic standards [Primary school - evaluation of parents] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their child's school does a good job in helping him/her become better in reading [Primary school - evaluation of parents] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their child's school does a good job in helping him/her become better in mathematics [Primary school - evaluation of parents] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who agree a lot that their child's school does a good job in helping him/her become better in science [Primary school - future educational plan] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who expect their child to finish undergraduate or postgraduate degree [Primary school - future educational plan] % of the parents of Grade 4 students who expect their child to finish postgraduate degree [Lower secondary school] Average class size in lower secondary education (public and private) [Lower secondary school] Average class size in lower secondary education (public) [Lower secondary school] Average class size in lower secondary education (private) [Lower secondary school] Ratio of students to teaching staff in lower secondary education (public and private) [Lower secondary school] Ratio of students to teaching staff in lower secondary education (public) [Lower secondary school] Ratio of students to teaching staff in lower secondary education (private) [Lower secondary school students - home] % of Grade 8 students who have their own room [Lower secondary school students - home] % of Grade 8 students who have internet connection at home [Lower secondary school students - home] % of Grade 8 students who have their own mobile phone [Lower secondary school students - Internet use] % of Grade 8 students who use Internet to access the textbook or other course materials [Lower secondary school students - Internet use] % of Grade 8 students who use Internet to access assignments posted online by their teacher [Lower secondary school students - Internet use] % of Grade 8 students who use Internet to collaborate with classmates on assignments or projects [Lower secondary school students - Internet use] % of Grade 8 students who use Internet to communicate with the teacher [Lower secondary school students - Internet use] % of Grade 8 students who use Internet to find information, articles, or tutorials to aid in understanding mathematics or science [Lower secondary school students - Internet use] % of Grade 8 students who use Internet to access learning games or activities related to mathematics or science [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who are absent from school once a week [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who feel tired when they arrive at school everyday/ almost everyday [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who feel hungry when they arrive at school everyday/ almost everyday [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they like being in school [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they feel safe at school [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they feel like they belong at the school [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that teachers at their school are fair to them [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they are proud to go to their school [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students said mean things about their physical appearance [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students spread lies about them [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students shared their secrets with others [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students refused to talk to them [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students insulted a member of their family [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students stole something from them [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students made them do things they didn't want to do [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students sent them nasty or hurtful messages online [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students shared nasty or hurtful things about them online [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students shared embarrassing photos of them online [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students threatened them [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students physically hurt them [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students excluded them from their group [Lower secondary school students - School life] % of Grade 8 students who say that other students damaged something of theirs on purpose [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] Average score of mathematics achievement of 8th grade [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who work problems on their own in every or almost every lesson [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they enjoy learning mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they wish they did not have to study mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that mathematics is boring [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they learn many interesting things in mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they like mathematics very much [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they like any schoolwork that involves numbers [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they like to solve mathematics problems [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they look forward to mathematics lessons [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that mathematics is one of their favorite subjects [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they know what their teacher expects them to do in mathematics lessons [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher is easy to understand in mathematics lessons [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher has clear answers to their questions in mathematics lessons [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher is good at explaining mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher does a variety of things to help them learn in mathematics lessons [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher links new lessons to what they already know in mathematics lessons [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher explains a topic again when they don't understand in mathematics lessons [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who say that students donft listen to what the teacher says in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who say that there is disruptive noise in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who say that it is too disorderly for students to work well in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who say that their teacher has to wait a long time for students to quiet down in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who say that students interrupt the teacher in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who say that their teacher has to keep telling them to follow the classroom rules in every or almost every mathematics lesson [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they usually do well in mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that mathematics is harder for them than for many of their classmates [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that mathematics is not one of their strengths [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they learn things quickly in mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that mathematics makes them nervous [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they are good at working out difficult mathematics problems [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher tells them they are good at mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that mathematics is harder for them than any other subject [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that mathematics makes them confused [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that learning mathematics will help them in their daily life [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they need mathematics to learn other school subjects [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they need to do well in mathematics to get into the university of their choice [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they need to do well in mathematics to get the job they want [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they would like a job that involves using mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that it is important to learn about mathematics to get ahead in the world [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that learning mathematics will give them more job opportunities when they are adults [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their parents think that it is important that they do well in mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Mathematics] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that it is important to do well in mathematics [Lower secondary school students - Science] Average score of science achievement of 8th grade [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who conduct science experiments at least once a week [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they enjoy learning science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they wish they did not have to study science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that science is boring [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they learn many interesting things in science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they like science very much [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they look forward to science lessons [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that science teaches them how things in the world work [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they like to conduct science experiments [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that science is one of their favorite subjects [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they know what their teacher expects them to do in science lessons [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher is easy to understand in science lessons [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher has clear answers to their questions in science lessons [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher is good at explaining science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher does a variety of things to help them learn in science lessons [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher links new lessons to what they already know in science lessons [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher explains a topic again when they don't understand in science lessons [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they usually do well in science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that science is harder for them than for many of their classmates [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that science is not one of their strengths [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they learn things quickly in science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they are good at working out difficult science problems [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their teacher tells them they are good at science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that science is harder for them than any other subject [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that science makes them confused [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that learning science will help them in their daily life [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they need science to learn other school subjects [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they need to do well in science to get into the university of their choice [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they need to do well in science to get the job they want [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that they would like a job that involves using science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that it is important to learn about science to get ahead in the world [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that learning science will give them more job opportunities when they are adults [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that their parents think that it is important that they do well in science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students who agree a lot that it is important to do well in science [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students whose teacher gives them homework in mathematics every day [Lower secondary school students - Science] % of Grade 8 students whose teacher gives them homework in science every day [Lower secondary school students - instruction out of school] % of Grade 8 students who attended extra lessons or tutoring not provided by the school in mathematics during the last 12 months [Lower secondary school students - instruction out of school] % of Grade 8 students who attended extra lessons or tutoring not provided by the school in science during the last 12 months [Lower secondary school students - future educational plan] % of Grade 8 students who expect them to finish undergraduate or postgraduate degree [Lower secondary school students - future educational plan] % of Grade 8 students who expect them to finish postgraduate degree [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Total working hours [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent on teaching [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent on individual planning or preparation of lessons either at school or out of school [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent on team work and dialogue with colleagues within the school [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent marking/correcting of student work [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent on counselling students [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent in participation in school management [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent on general administrative work (including communication, paperwork, and other clerical duties) [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent on professional development activities [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent on communication and co-operation with parents or guardians [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent engaging in extracurricular activities [Lower secondary education teachers] Lower secondary education teachers: Hours spent engaging in other work tasks [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachears who think that the teaching profession is valued in society [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who present a summary of recently learned content [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who set goals at the beginning of instruction [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who explain what they expect students to learn [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who explain how new and old topics are related [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who present tasks for which there is no obvious solution [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who give tasks that require students to think critically [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who have students work in small groups to come up with a joint solution to a problem or task [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who ask students to decide on their own procedures for solving complex tasks [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who tell students to follow classroom rules [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who tell students to listen to what they say [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who calm students who are disruptive [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who tell students to quieten down quickly when the lesson begins [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who refer to a problem from everyday life or work to demonstrate why new knowledge is useful [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who let students practise similar tasks until they know that every student has understood the subject matter [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who give students projects that require at least one week to complete [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who let students use ICT for projects or class work [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who would like to change to another school if possible [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who enjoy working at the present school [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers who would recommend the present school as a good place to work [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers satisfied with their performance in the present school [Lower secondary education teachers] % of lower secondary education teachers satisfied with the present job all in all [High school students - Performance] Performance on the reading (15 years old, average score) [High school students - Performance] Performance on the mathematics (15 years old, average score) [High school students - Performance] Performance on the science (15 years old, average score) [High school students - Performance] % of 15 year old students who have ever repeated a grade [High school students - Things at home] % of 15-year-old students who have a computer they can use for school work in their home [High school students - Things at home] % of 15-year-old students who have classic literature in their home [High school students - Things at home] % of 15-year-old students who have books of poetry in their home [High school students - Things at home] % of 15-year-old students who have works of art (e.g. paintings) in their home [High school students - Things at home] % of 15-year-old students who have musical instruments (e.g. guitar, piano) in their home [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that students don't listen to what the teacher says in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that there is noise and disorder in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher has to wait a long time for the students to quieten down in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that students cannot work well in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that students don't start working for a long time after the lesson begins in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher shows an interest in every student's learning in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher gives extra help when students need it in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher helps students with their learning in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher continues teaching until the students understands in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher sets clear goals for our learning in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher asks questions to check whether they have understood what was taught in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher presents a short summary of the previous lesson in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher tells us what we have to learn in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who agree that their teacher make them feel confident in their ability in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who agree that their teacher listen to their view in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who felt that their teacher understand them in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that their teacher adapts the lesson to their class's needs and knowledge in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that their teacher provides individual help when a student has difficulties understanding a topic or task in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that their teacher changes the structure of the lesson on a topic that most students find difficult to understand in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that their teacher gives them feedback on their strengths in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that their teacher tells them in which areas they can still improve in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that their teacher tells them how they can improve their performance in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who agree that it was clear to them that their teacher liked teaching them in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who agree that the enthusiasm of the teacher inspired them in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who agree that it was clear that the teacher likes to deal with the topic of the lesson in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who agree that the teacher showed enjoyment in teaching in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who read texts that include diagrams or maps for school [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who read fiction (e.g., novels, short stories) for school [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who read texts that include tables or graphs for school [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who read digital texts including links for school [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher encourages students to express their opinion about a text in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher helps students relate the stories they read to their lives in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher shows students how the information in texts builds on what they already know in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who say that the teacher poses questions that motivate students to participate actively in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who have read a text of more than 100 pages in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to write a summary of the book or the chapter in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to list and write a short description of the main characters in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to discuss in small groups with other students who read the same book or chapter in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to give their personal thoughts about the book or the chapter in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to answer questions about the book or the chapter in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to compare the content of the book or the chapter with their own experience in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to compare the book with other books or texts on a similar topic in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to select a passage they liked or disliked and explain why in their language lessons [High school students - Atmosphere of language lessons] % of 15 year old students who are told to write a text related to what they have read in their language lessons [High school students - Internet education] % of 15 year old students who have learned at school how to use keywords when using a search engine [High school students - Internet education] % of 15 year old students who have learned at school how to decide whether to trust information from the Internet [High school students - Internet education] % of 15 year old students who have learned at school how to compare different web pages and decide what information is more relevant [High school students - Internet education] % of 15 year old students who have learned at school to understand the consequences of making information publicly available online [High school students - Internet education] % of 15 year old students who have learned at school how to use the short description below the links in the list of results of a search [High school students - Internet education] % of 15 year old students who have learned at school how to detect whether the information is subjective or biased [High school students - Internet education] % of 15 year old students who have learned at school how to detect phishing or spam emails [High school students - Reading] % of 15 year old students who read only if they have to [High school students - Reading] % of 15 year old students who agree that reading is one of their favourite hobbies [High school students - Reading] % of 15 year old students who like talking about books with other people [High school students - Reading] % of 15 year old students who agree that reading is a waste of time [High school students - Reading] % of 15 year old students who I read only to get information that they need [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who spontaneously read magazines several times a week [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who spontaneously read comic books several times a week [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who spontaneously read fiction (novels, narratives, stories) several times a week [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who spontaneously read non-fiction books (informational, documentary) several times a week [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who spontaneously read newspapers several times a week [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who read books more often in paper format [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who read books more often on digital devices [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who read books equally often in paper format and on digital devices [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who spend more than 1 hour a day reading for enjoyment [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who agree that they are good readers [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who agree that they are able to understand difficult texts [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who agree that they read fluently [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who agree that they have always had difficulty with reading [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who agree that they have to read a text several times before completely understanding it [High school students - Reading] % of 15-year olds who agree that I find it difficult to answer questions about a text [High school students - Internet use] % of 15-year olds who read emails several times a day [High school students - Internet use] % of 15-year olds who chat on line several times a day [High school students - Internet use] % of 15-year olds who read online news several times a day [High school students - Internet use] % of 15-year olds who search information online to learn about a particular topic several times a day [High school students - Internet use] % of 15-year olds who take part in online group discussions or forums several times a day [High school students - Internet use] % of 15-year olds who search for practical information online several times a day [High school students - Impression of PISA Reading Test] % of those who agree that there were many words they could not understand in the PISA test [High school students - Impression of PISA Reading Test] % of those who agree that many texts were too difficult for them in the PISA test [High school students - Impression of PISA Reading Test] % of those who agree that they were lost when they had to navigate between different pages in the PISA test [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of concentrating on the parts of the text that are easy to understand as useful for understanding and memorising the text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of quickly reading through the text twice as useful for understanding and memorising the text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of discussing its content with other people after reading the text as useful for understanding and memorising the text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of underlining important parts of the text as useful for understanding and memorising the text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of summarising the text in their own words as useful for understanding and memorising the text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of reading the text aloud to another person as useful for understanding and memorising the text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of checking that each paragraph is covered in the summary as useful for writing a summary of a long and rather difficult two-page text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of I trying to copy out accurately as many sentences as possible as useful for writing a summary of a long and rather difficult two-page text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of reading the text as many times as possible before writing the summary as useful for writing a summary of a long and rather difficult two-page text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of carefully checking whether the most important facts in the text are represented in the summary as useful for writing a summary of a long and rather difficult two-page text [High school students - learning method] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of reading through the text, underlining the most important sentences, and then writing them in their own words as useful for writing a summary of a long and rather difficult two-page text [High school students - response to a junk mail] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of answering the email and asking for more information as appropriate for a message from a wellknown mobile phone operator telling them that they are one of the winners of a smartphone [High school students - response to a junk mail] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of checking the senderfs email address as appropriate for a message from a wellknown mobile phone operator telling them that they are one of the winners of a smartphone [High school students - response to a junk mail] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of clicking on the link to fill out the form as soon as possible as appropriate for a message from a wellknown mobile phone operator telling them that they are one of the winners of a smartphone [High school students - response to a junk mail] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of deleting the email without clicking on the link as appropriate for a message from a wellknown mobile phone operator telling them that they are one of the winners of a smartphone [High school students - response to a junk mail] Extent to which 15-year-olds think of checking the website of the mobile phone operator as appropriate for a message from a wellknown mobile phone operator telling them that they are one of the winners of a smartphone [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who agree that trying hard at school will help me get a good job [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who agree that trying hard at school will help me get into a good college [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who agree that trying hard at school is important [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who find satisfaction in working as hard as they can [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who persist until a task is finished once they start [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who enjoy doing things when they improve on their past performance [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who would rather keep struggling to master something if they are not good at than move on to something they may be good at [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who worry about what others think of when they are failing [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who are afraid that they might not have enough talent when they are failing [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who doubt their plans for the future when they are failing [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who think that they canft change their intelligence very much [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who enjoy working in situations involving competition with others [High school students - effort and failure] % of 15-year-olds who agree that it is important for them to perform better than other people on a task [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who try harder when they are in competition with other people [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who think that students seem to value competition [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who think that students are competing with each other [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who think that students seem to share the feeling that competing with each other is important [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who think that students feel that they are being compared with others [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who think that students seem to value cooperation [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who think that students are cooperating with each other [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who think that students seem to share the feeling that cooperating with each other is important [High school students - competition and cooperation] % of 15-year-olds who think that they are encouraged to cooperate with others [High school students - meaning of life] % of 15-year-olds who think that their life has clear meaning or purpose [High school students - meaning of life] % of 15-year-olds who have discovered a satisfactory meaning in life [High school students - meaning of life] % of 15-year-olds who have a clear sense of what gives meaning to their life [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel happy [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel scared [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel lively [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel miserable [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel proud [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel afraid [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel joyful [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel sad [High school students - feeling] % of 15-year-olds who always feel cheerful [High school students - goals in school] % of 15-year-olds who think that their goal in school is to learn as much as possible [High school students - goals in school] % of 15-year-olds who think that their goal in school is to completely master the material presented in their classes [High school students - goals in school] % of 15-year-olds who think that their goal in school is to understand the content of their classes as thoroughly as possible [High school students - doing things in life] % of 15-year olds who usually manage one way or another [High school students - doing things in life] % of 15-year olds who feel proud that they have accomplished things [High school students - doing things in life] % of 15-year olds who feel that they can handle many things at a time [High school students - doing things in life] % of 15-year olds who can usually find their way out in a difficult situation [High school students - feeling at school] % of 15-year olds who feel like an outsider (or left out of things) [High school students - feeling at school] % of 15-year olds who make friends easily at school [High school students - feeling at school] % of 15-year olds who feel like they belong at school. [High school students - feeling at school] % of 15-year olds who feel awkward and out of place in their school. [High school students - feeling at school] % of 15-year olds who think that other students seem to like them [High school students - feeling at school] % of 15-year olds who feel lonely at school [High school students - family support] % of 15-year olds who think that their parents support their educational efforts and achievements [High school students - family support] % of 15-year olds who think that their parents support them when they are facing difficulties at school [High school students - family support] % of 15-year olds who think that their parents encourage them to be confident [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who have ever skipped a whole school day in the last two weeks [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who have ever skipped some classes in the last two weeks [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who have ever arrived late for school in the last two weeks [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who have ever been made fun of by other students during the past 12 months [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who have ever been left out of things by other students during the past 12 months [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who have ever been threatened by other students during the past 12 months [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds whose belongings have ever been taken away or destroyed by other students during the past 12 months [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who have ever been hit or pushed around by other students during the past 12 months [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds whose nasty rumours have ever been spread by other students during the past 12 months [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who are irritated when nobody defends bullied students [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who agree that it is a good thing to help students who canft defend themselves [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who agree that it is a wrong thing to join in bullying [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who feel bad seeing other students bullied [High school students - laziness and bullying] % of 15-year olds who like to see someone standing up for bullied students [High school students - learning foreign language] Average hours per week to spend learning foreign language out of school [High school students - learning foreign language] Dispersion (S.E.) of hours per week to spend learning foreign language out of school [High school students - problem solving] % of 15 year old students who definitely check brochure to check how to get to the zoo [High school students - problem solving] % of 15 year old students who definitely study a map and work out the best route [High school students - problem solving] % of 15 year old students who definitely leave it to their brother to worry about how to get there [High school students - problem solving] % of 15 year old students who definitely suggest just to start driving [High school students - problem solving] % of 15 year old students who definitely check similarities with the machines they have used when the ticket machine is new [High school students - problem solving] % of 15 year old students who definitely try out all the buttons to see what happens when the ticket machine is new [High school students - problem solving] % of 15 year old students who definitely ask someone for help when the ticket machine is new [High school students - problem solving] % of 15 year old students who definitely try to find a ticket office when the ticket machine is new [University] % of 25-64 year olds that has attained tertiary education [University] % of 25-64 year olds that has attained short-cycle tertiary education [University] % of 25-64 year olds that has attained Bachelorfs or higher [University] % of 25-34 year olds that has attained tertiary education [University] % of 25-34 year olds that has attained short-cycle tertiary education [University] % of 25-34 year olds that has attained Bachelorfs or higher [University] % of those who think that only students from the best secondary schools can obtain a university education [University] % of those who think that only the rich can afford a university education [University] % of those who think that university is open to every gender, ethnicity or social background [University] Private spending on tertiary education (% of total spending on tertiary education) [University] Household spending on tertiary education (% of total spending on tertiary education) [University] Average tuition fees charged by public institutions (10,000 JPY) [University] % of students who benefit from public loans and/or scholarships/grants [University] % of those who agree that the government is responsible for giving financial help to university students from low-income families [University] % of international students in tertiary enrolments [University] Students studying abroad as % of the total tertiary enrolment in that country [University] Number of researchers in higher education (per thousand employment) [University] Number of doctoral graduates [University] Graduation rates at doctorate level [Mass media] % of respondents reporting high levels of trust in media [Mass media] % of those who have contacted or appeared in the media to express their views [Mass media] % of those who watch TV, DVD, videos in their free time daily [Mass media] % of those who get much enjoyment from watching TV, DVD, videos [Mass media] % of Grade 4 students who watch television and videos for less than 1 hour per day [Mass media] % of Grade 4 students who watch television and videos for more than 2 hours per day [Mass media] % of Grade 8 students who watch television and videos for less than 1 hour per day [Mass media] % of Grade 8 students who watch television and videos for more than 2 hours per day [Mass media] % of those who think that television should give preference to the country's own films and programmes [Mass media] Daily newspapers: number of titles [Mass media] Daily newspapers: Number of titles per 1 million inhabitants [Mass media] Daily newspapers: Total average circulation [Mass media] Daily newspapers: Total average circulation per 1,000 inhabitants [Mass media] Newspaper journalists (headcounts) [Mass media] Newspaper journalists (headcounts) per 1,000,000 inhabitants [Mass media] Ratio of female newspaper journalists (male=100) [Mass media] % of those who think that the media has the most influence on the actions of the government 
